Lesson (40)

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Bo nauka nie musi być nudna!
GRAMMAR
PRESENT PERFECT AND PAST SIMPLE
Present Perfect
have/has
+ past participle:
Positive egative
I have finished my work I haven't finished my work
He/she/it has finished his/her/it's work He hasn't finished his work
They/we have finished their/our work They haven't finished their work
Questions Short answers
Have you finished your work? Yes, I have.
Has he finished his work? No, he hasn't
Have they finished their work? Yes, they have.
We use present perfect tense:
1) To talk about an action which began in
the past and continues now: I have been a butcher for two years.
2) To talk about a past action with present
results or importance: I have broken my arm.
3) To talk about experiences in a lifetime: She has been to Greece twice.
4) To look from the present back to a
completed action in the past: He has written two books.
Present perfect or past simple?
I broke my arm ( = In the past; it's not broken now)
I have broken my arm ( = In the past; it is still broken now)
I
have been
a butcher for two years ( = I began two years ago and I'm still a butcher)
I
was
a butcher for two years ( = I am not a butcher now, but I was)
He has seen two films in his life ( = In the past he saw two, but he may see more)
He saw two films in his life ( = Now he is dead; he will not see more films)
I have passed my driving test ! ( = Recently; now I can drive)
I
passed
my driving test ( = In the past; maybe a long time ago)
Bo nauka nie musi być nudna!
Words used with present perfect:
for, since, yet, still
Since
+ a date/month/year
For
+ a period of time
Still
usually goes before
have
Yet
usually goes at the end of the sentence
I have been a butcher for two years ( = I started two years ago)
She hasn't been to Greece since 1995 ( = 1995 was the last time she was in Greece)
They still haven't telephoned me. ( = from the past until now, they haven't called)
Have you finished your homework
yet
? ( = from the past until now, have you finished?)
Practice 1
Choose
present perfect
or
past simple
to complete the sentences:
1)
.............................. (
see
) the new Tom Cruise film yet?
2)
Tom ................................ (
see
) this film. We should buy it for him.
3)
Where ................................... (
buy
) those beautiful trousers?
4)
I ....................... (
live
) here for ten years. I love this house.
5)
Look! It's Hermann. I ..................................... (see) him since our school days.
6)
Who ................................. (
steal
) my pen? It was here 30 seconds ago.
7)
Maria ................................ (
go
) to school in London before she moved to France.
8)
If you ...................................... (
finish
) writing the exam, you may leave the room.
9)
.............................. you ever (go) to Romania?
10)
Ringo Sherbert (19191987).............................. (be) an opera singer for ten years.
Practice 2
Use
for, since, yet,
or
still
to fill the gaps:
1) ........................ 1979, he has won ten Olympic gold medals.
2)
Bert has lived here ................... seven years.
3)
I asked him to help me but he .......................... hasn't done anything.
4)
Have you finished reading that book ...............?
5)
I have known Maria ..................... February 1971.
6)
I have known Hermann ................... years.
Bo nauka nie musi być nudna!
Practice 3
Can you form the past simple and past participle of these verbs?
PRESENT PAST SIMPLE PAST PARTICIPLE
swim
take
teach
tell
think
throw
wear
win
write
Practice 4
Use the correct
past participle
form of the verb to complete the gaps:
1)
Maria has ............................ (
burn
) the soup.
2)
The car has ......................................... (
break)
down. What will we do?
3)
I haven't ............................ (
buy
) any shoes for many years.
4)
Look! My cat has ................................. (
draw
) a picture!
5)
Hermann has been ........................... (
give
) a new bike for Christmas.
6)
Oh dear, my dog has .............................. (
fall
) into the river.
7)
My car has been ............................. (
steal
)!
8)
I have ........................... (
throw
) all the rubbish away.
VOCABULARY
ENGLISH EXPRESSIONS
Practice 1
Match the expression to the meaning
1)
Thick as two short planks
2)
To break the ice
3)
Rock the boat
4)
A drop in the ocean
5)
Catch someone's eye
 Bo nauka nie musi być nudna!
6)
Look on the bright side
7)
In the nick of time
8)
Light at the end of the tunnel
9)
Every cloud has a silver lining
10)
Turn over a new leaf.
a)
To get someone's attention
b) A very small or insignificant amount
c) To be hopeful and optimistic
d) Very stupid
e) Every bad thing has a positive aspect
f) To do something at the last moment
g) To cause trouble or problems
h)
To get to know someone
i) To make a positive change in your life
j) A hopeful result in the near future
Vocabulary from the unit:
aspect – aspekt, przejaw
break down – zepsuć się
butcher rzeźnik
cause powodować
completed action – zakończone działanie
continue kontynuować
get someone's attention – zwrócić czyjąś uwagę
importance – ważność, istotność
insignificant – nieistotny, nieważny
lifetime – całe życie
throw rzucać
trouble kłopot
A drop in the ocean –
przen.
Kropla w morzu
Catch someone's eye
przen.
Pochwycić czyjeś spojrzenie
Every cloud has a silver lining –
przen.
Każda nieprzyjemna sytuacja ma jakiś pozytywny aspekt.
In the nick of time – w samą porę
Light at the end of the tunnel
przen.
Światło na końcu tunelu
Look on the bright side –
przen.
Dostrzegać pozytywne aspekty.
Rock the boat
przen.
Niepotrzebnie stwarzać zagrożenie dla wspólnego przedsięwzięcia.
Bo nauka nie musi być nudna!
Thick as two short planks –
pot.
Bardzo głupi
To break the ice –
przen.
Przełamać lody
Turn over a new leaf. –
przen.
Otworzyć nowy rozdział (w życiu)
LESSO 40 – answer key
GRAMMAR
Practice 1
1.
Have you seen
the new Tom Cruise film yet?
2.
Tom
hasn’t seen
this film. We should buy it for him.
3.
Where
did you buy
those beautiful trousers?
4.
I
have lived
here for ten years. I love this house.
5.
Look! It's Hermann. I
haven’t seen
him since our school days.
6.
Who
has stolen
my pen? It was here 30 seconds ago.
7.
Maria
went
to school in London before she moved to France.
8.
If you
have finished
writing the exam, you may leave the room.
9.
Have
you ever
gone
to Romania?
10.
Ringo Sherbert (19191987)
was
an opera singer for ten years.
Practice 2
1.
Since
1979, he has won ten Olympic gold medals.
2.
Bert has lived here
for
seven years.
3.
I asked him to help me but he
still
hasn't done anything.
4.
Have you finished reading that book
yet
?
5.
I have known Maria
since
February 1971.
6.
I have known Hermann
for
years.
Practice 3
PRESENT PAST SIMPLE PAST PARTICIPLE
swim
swam swum
take
took taken
teach
taught taught
tell
told told
think
thought thought
throw
threw thrown
wear
wore worn
win
won won
write
wrote written
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