Lesson (111)

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Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!
BIG ANIMALS
I. Read the text and do the exercises below. Przeczytaj tekst i wykonaj ęwiczenia
Polar bears are the largest land carnivores in the world and the largest members of the bear
family.
Polar bears live only in the northern Arctic where they spend most of their time on ice floes.
They are found in the US (Alaska), Canada, Russia, Greenland and Norway. These areas are
viciously cold, with temperatures as low as minus 55 degrees Celsuis and wind speeds of up
to 30 miles per hour.
By having a thick layer of fat under their skin, the bears can stay warm in the cold
environment. Polar bears are warm-blooded mammals, which means that they can regulate
their body at the same temperature. Their skin is black, which helps to soak up as much heat
from the sun as possible. What's more, their round and compact body shape helps to keep
them warm. Polar bears don't have large ears or a long tail, because they lose warmth quickly.
Instead they try to weigh as much as possible because large objects lose heat slowly, so the
heaviest polar bear stays warmer longer.
Polar bears hunt seals, fish, seabirds and reindeer. They will also eat vegetation and berries in
the summer. Polar bears do not need to drink water, as they get all the liquid they need from
the food they eat.
In order for polar bears to stay fat and warm they must eat a lot of
food. Polar bears often eat 45 kilograms of seal in one meal. About
half of the food polar bears eat is used to keep them warm, which is
the same for humans. So the colder the Arctic gets, the more they
must eat to keep warm.
Polar bears have an amazing sense of smell, which means that they
can smell a dead meal 20 miles away and a live seal one metre
under the ice. They are very good swimmers, and use their fat and two layers of dense, oily,
water repellent fur to help keep them afloat. They use their large feet as paddles when
swimming and when on the ice, their feet are used as snow-shoes.
Polar bear cubs are no bigger than a rat when born.
BBC Nature
1.
Look at the words in bold and match them with the definitions. Sp–jrz na
pogrubione wyraŇenia i poþĢcz je z definicjami
2.
carnivores
4.
viciously (cold)
5.
mammals
6.
soak up (the sun)
7.
seals
8.
water repellent
9.
cubs
a.
to sit outside for a long time enjoying the sun
b.
unpleasantly strong or severe
1
3.
ice floes
 c.
covered with a substance that makes water run off it, so that it does not become wet
d.
an animal that eats meat
e.
a type of animal that drinks milk from its mother's body when it is young
f.
a large sea animal that eats fish and lives around coasts
g.
the baby of a wild animal such as a lion or a bear
h.
an area of ice floating in the sea, that has broken off from a larger mass
2. Choose the right answer according to the text. Wybierz wþaĻciwĢ odpowiedŅ.
1.
Polar bears live
a.
in very cold areas
b.
only in the US
c.
on ice floes
2.
Thick layer of fat helps them
a.
move
b.
keep warm
c.
hunt
3.
They donÓt have large ears because
a.
they would lose warmth too quickly
b.
they have no enemies to be afraid of
c.
the wind is too strong
4.
Polar bears donÓt eat
a.
fruit
b.
plants
c.
insects
5.
They donÓt drink because
a.
they get water from food
b.
all water is frozen
c.
they donÓt need water
6.
They have a good sense of
a.
sight
b.
taste
c.
smell
7.
Polar bears
a.
swim to warmer areas in the winter
b.
are well adapted to the cold environment
c.
eat rats
2
Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!
 Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!
I. Read the text and do the exercises below. Przeczytaj tekst i wykonaj ęwiczenia
Giant pandas live in China. They inhabit areas of mountain forest where dense patches of
bamboo can be found. They spend most of their time on the forest floor, where they seek
shelter in hollow trees, rock caves.
These solitary mammals spend over 60% of their lives eating! Giant pandas feed almost
exclusively on bamboo, and they have elongated wrists which act like a sixth claw to help
them grasp the slender shoots. Their bamboo diet is very low in nutrients, so to obtain enough
nourishment they may feed for up to 14 hours a day.
Giant pandas are large, heavily built animals, and can weigh up to
115 kilograms. No one knows for sure why they have such bold
black and white markings. The most popular explanation is that the
colours act as a signal to other pandas, making them highly visible
and preventing confrontations.
Females give birth to one or two cubs in August or September. They
build a den from twigs and leaves in a hollow tree stump or rock crevice a few days before
they are due to give birth. The tiny infants are born blind and hairless, and weigh between 80
and 120 grams. Giant panda cubs develop rapidly, and they put on over 20 times their birth
weight in just eight weeks.
Giant pandas are an endangered species, and there are only about 1,000 left in the wild. Since
the 1970s their habitat has shrunk by half, and most of the population now live in panda
reserves.
BBC Nature
1. Match the words with their translations. PoþĢcz wyrazy z ich tþumaczeniami
dense
chwytaę
patches
cienki
seek
gaþĢzki
shelter
gatunek
hollow
għsty
caves
jaskinia
solitary
maþy
elongated
nadgarstki
wrists
nora
claw
pazur
grasp
pħdy
slender
pieı
shoots
poþacie
nutrients
pusty
obtain
samotne
bold
schronienie
cubs
skurczyę siħ
3
 Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!
den
substancje odŇywcze
twigs
szczeniaki
stump
szpara
crevice
szukaę
tiny
uzyskaę
endangered
wydþuŇony
species
wyraŅne
shrunk
zagroŇony
2. Complete the sentences with the words from the previous exercise. Uzupeþnij zdania
wyrazami z poprzedniego ęwiczenia
1.
A tiger takes a good care of her ÈÈÈÈ.
2.
The plant absorbs ÈÈÈÈÈ. from the soil.
3.
The cat dug his ÈÈÈÈÈ into my leg
4.
At Halloween children make lamps out of ÈÈÈÈÈ.. pumpkins
5.
Coles came to the Yukon in the 1970s to ÈÈÈÈÈ his fortune
6.
Seven ÈÈÈÈ.. of birds of prey have been observed
7.
Smoking during pregnancy ÈÈÈÈÈÈ.. your baby's life
8.
An old hut gave ÈÈÈÈÈ.. from the storm
9.
The benches were empty except for a single ÈÈÈÈÈ.. figure.
10.
3. Match the animal idioms with their explanations. PoþĢcz idiomy z ich znaczeniami
go ape
a busy place, a room full of working
people
no spring chicken
something or someone that is better
than everything else
cat's whiskers
accept the most blame or
responsibility
like herding cats
become extremely excited
it bugs me
Fast.
bitten by the same bug
have the same interest or hobby
a beehive of activity
It irritates me
have a bear by the tail
Not practical.
bear down
to have a very difficult problem to
solve
like a bat out of hell
move quickly
4
A narrow track went up through ÈÈÈÈÈ. forest
for the birds
ineffective.
bear the brunt
old
 Bo nauka nie musi byę nudna!
4.
Complete the sentences with the words from the previous exercise. Uzupeþnij zdania
wyrazami z poprzedniego ęwiczenia
1.
When she heard that she had failed the exam she ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ.
2.
I really thought I looked ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ. in that dress
3.
It just ÈÈÈ.. me that I have to work so many extra hours for no extra money.
4.
there is a storm ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ.. on the island
5.
I drove ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ to the hospital
6.
You canÓt expect him to learn so fast he is ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ..
7.
All he ever gives me for birthday is ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ.
8.
Fishermen understand each other so well because they are all ÈÈÈÈÈÈ
5. Name the young of the animals.Nazwij mþode poniŇszych zwierzĢt
1.
cow Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..
2.
pig Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..
3.
hen Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..
4.
dog Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..
5.
horse Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..
6.
frog Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..
7.
goose Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..
8.
cat Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..
9.
sheep Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..
10.
duck Î ÈÈÈÈÈ..
KEY
1.
1.
d
2.
h
3.
b
4.
e
5.
a
6.
f
7.
c
8.
g
2.
1.
a
2.
b
3.
a
4.
c
5.
a
6.
c
7.
b
II.
1.
dense
poþacie
seek
szukaę
5
patches
għsty
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